It currently represents the most common gynaecological cancer in women in developed countries after breast cancer. Its highest incidence is in postmenopausal women around 60 years old. The main cause is too much of the hormone oestrogen compared to the hormone progesterone, as in patients being treated with long-term HRT, obesity during menopause, and treatment with tamoxifen for breast cancer. Other risk factors include late menopause, nulliparity, patients with polycystic ovaries, hereditary in 18%, radiotherapy in the area, etc. symptoms are varied and the patient may show signs of blood loss or “foul-smelling” leucorrhoea in postmenopause or endometrium hypertrophy may be observed in the ultrasound performed during a pelvic exam. Overall prognosis is very good and in many cases may only require very limited surgery and subsequent chemotherapy.
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